Key Findings

• The enablers and barriers to workplace-based learning for Māori trainees are multi-layered, involving a complex mix of the elements as shown in the model, Te Ako Tiketike.

Te Ako Tiketike

• Māori have some distinctive learning needs expressed in six key principles.
• Ako is a principle that recognises the knowledge that both teachers and learners bring to learning interactions and affirms the value of collective learning approaches.
• Connections through whakapapa (genealogy) are vitally important to Māori and firmly connect learners to their iwi, hapū and marae, as well as their cultural heritage, which they bring with them into the learning environment.
• Whānaungatanga is a principle involving the maintenance and fostering of relationships that emphasise the importance of togetherness and the co-operative nature of learning. Strong relationships, based on respect, reciprocity and trust, are essential to effective learning for Māori.
• Whānau is the interconnected nature of whānau and the responsibilities that flow between learners and their wider whānau. It is important to note when engaging with a Māori learner, that they are the entry point to a whānau unit.
• Tuakana-teina is the concept of mentoring relationships that are closely linked to traditional whānau practices and are particularly useful and relevant within workplace settings. This concept supports Māori learners to develop a sense of belonging within their learning environment and facilitates other support that learners may require, including vocational and personal support.
• Kanohi-ki-te-kanohi is face-to-face engagement, an important mechanism for developing trust and sharing information between individuals and groups and a mechanism seen as the most effective method for engaging learners and whānau.

Key Recommendations

Take an organisational approach | Take a whole-of-organisation approach to improving the outcomes for Māori learners.

Strengthen cross-cultural awareness | Seek an understanding of Māori cultural values, beliefs and practices, throughout the industry sectors.

Focus on professional development | Design and implement professional development programmes for ITO staff and industry leaders, focused on attaining better outcomes for Māori learners

Be inclusive | Integrate and embed inclusiveness, equity and diversity principles into programme planning, monitoring and accountability processes.

Measure outcomes | Set targets aimed at increasing participation, retention and completion rates of Māori learners, and report on these targets annually.

Provide management and governance opportunities | Explore opportunities to include Māori input at strategic and senior management levels eg, Māori representation on governing boards.